Distinguishing diagnosis – exantemticas Illnesses febris acute: rubola, exantema, scarlet fever, eritema suddenly infectious, secondary affection, sfilis, enteroviroses and adverse events to the vaccine (BRAZIL, 1997). 4,4 Treatment the treatment is symptomatic, being able to be used antithermal, verbal hidratao, nutricional therapy with incentive to the maternal aleitamento and adequate hygiene of the eyes, superior skin and aerial ways. The bacterial complications of the measles are dealt specifically with antibiotics adjusted for clinical picture e, if possible, with the identification of the bacterial agent. In the populations where the vitamin deficiency It is a recognized problem, the OMS and the Unicef recommend to the use of a high and only dose of vitamin in the people the attacks for the measles and its complications, in the individuals with imunodeficincias, evidence of xeroftalmia, malnutrition and problems of intestinal absorption (BRAZIL, 2001). 4,5 Prevention the vaccine anti-measles is highly efficient being the only source of prevention against this pathology.

4,6 Vaccine the vaccine against the known measles as VASPR or vrica trplice, is part of an association that still includes vaccines against the papeira and rubola. Currently the vaccine against the measles is part of the obligator vaccine calendar, being managed to the fifteen months, with one second dose between the five and six years. The children who already had six years more than when if introduced the current vaccine calendar, must be revacinadas with the VASPR between the eleven and thirteen years as she happened until here. The importance of this vaccine mainly inhabits in the possibility to prevent the eventual complications of the measles, since these are potentially serious and were an important cause of mortality in the children before existing the vaccine. In situations where it has epidemics of measles are advised the vaccination the children from the nine months of age, to prevent the infection. The children smallest, particularly until the six months of age, are protected by the antibodies transmitted for the mother during the pregnancy and the maternal aleitamento, if the mother had measles or was vacinada.